Polyols: Ngā Rauemi Mata Maha-Kaupapa mō ngā Whakamahinga Ahumahi me te Kaihoko
Ngā Āpure Tono Matua
I roto i te umanga matū, ko ngā polyol he rauemi mata matua mō te whakaputa rauemi taumaha ngota teitei pērā i ngā polyesters, ngā polyethers, me ngā polyurethanes. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia te ethylene glycol hei whakaputa polyethylene terephthalate (PET), e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pounamu kirihou me ngā muka. Ka whakamahia te Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hei whakaputa i ngā momo surfactants me ngā hinu whakahinuhinu. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā polyol te mahi hei whakarewa hei whakarewa i ngā momo matū waro, hei whakarei ake i te pai o te tauhohenga.
I roto i te umanga rongoā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā polyol hei whakarewa, hei whakapūmau kirihou, hei whakamākūkū hoki. Hei tauira, e whakamahia whānuitia ana te propylene glycol me te glycerol i roto i te whakarite i ngā werohanga, i ngā wai ā-waha, me ngā hinu hei whakapai ake i te wairewa me te pumau o te rongoā. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā polyol hei whakaputa i ngā whakatakotoranga rongoā tuku-whakahaere, hei whakahaere i te tere tukunga o ngā rongoā.
I roto i te umanga kai, ka whakamahia ngā polyol hei mea reka, hei mea whakamakuku, hei mea whakaemulsifier. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakamahi i te glycerol me te polyethylene glycol i roto i te hanga mea reka, ngā kai tunutunu, me ngā inu, hei pupuri i te reka me te makuku. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā polyol hei whakatika i te kakano me te ahua o te kai, kia roa ake ai tōna oranga.
I roto i te umanga whakapaipai me te tiaki kiri, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā polyol hei humectants me ngā emulsifiers. Hei tauira, ka taea e te propylene glycol me te glycerol te mimiti i te makuku, ka pupuri i te makuku o te kiri me te makawe. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā polyols ki te hanga i ngā hinu ārai rā, ngā shampoos, me ngā conditioners, e whakarato ana i ngā pānga makuku me te whakahinuhinu.
I roto i te umanga kirihou, ka whakamahia ngā polyol hei whakapūmau kirihou hei whakarei ake i te ngāwari me te ngāwari o te tukatuka i ngā kirihou. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakamahi i te glycerol me te polyethylene glycol hei whakapūmau kirihou mō te polyvinyl chloride (PVC), hei whakapai ake i tōna ngāwari me te roa. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā polyol hei hanga kirihou pirau-ora, hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao.
I roto i te umanga paninga me te waituhi, ka whakamahia ngā polyol hei whakarewa me hei whakapūhui. Ka taea e rātou te whakarewa i ngā momo kapia me ngā tae, ā, ka puta he āhuatanga hanga kiriata pai. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakamahi i te polyethylene glycol hei whakaputa paninga me ngā waituhi wai-tūturu, e tuku ana i ngā otinga pai mō te taiao me te whai hua.
Ngā Whakatakotoranga
| Ingoa Hua | Ngā Polyols Polyester | |||||||||
| Āhua | Wai matotoru, totoka rānei, kore tae ki te kōwhai mārama | |||||||||
| Taumaha ngota | 500-5000 karamu/mol | |||||||||
| Te Pūtake Kohua | >200 | |||||||||
| Te parakore | 98%，99.5% | |||||||||
| Kiato | 1.10-1.15 | |||||||||
| Waehere HS | 3907910000 | |||||||||
| Tono | Ngā paninga polyurethane, ngā waituhi; ngā kapu hū, ngā hiri, ngā potae | |||||||||
Pepa Whakahaere Kounga
| Ingoa Hua | Ngā Polyols Polyester | ||||||
| TAONGA | Paerewa | Hua | |||||
| Chroma(APHA) | ≤30 | 11 | |||||
| Te matotoru i te 25℃ (mPas) | 1100-1500 | 1296 | |||||
| Ihirangi Wai (%) | ≤0.08 | 0.017 | |||||
| Uara Hydroxyl (mgKOH/g) | 32.5-35.5 | 34.2 | |||||
| Uara Waikawa (meKOH/s) | ≤0.08 | 0.029 | |||||
| Uara pH | 5.0-7.5 | 6.7 | |||||
| K+(mgkg) | ≤5 | 1.0 | |||||
| Whakamutunga | Tohunga | ||||||
Hei whakarāpopototanga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko ngā polyol, hei rauemi mata matū waro nui, he mahi nui tā rātou i roto i ngā ahumahi maha. Ehara i te mea ka whakarei ake i te mahi me te kounga o ngā hua engari ka tautoko hoki i te whanaketanga o te ahumahi hou. Mā te haere tonu o ngā whanaketanga hangarau, ka whānui ake ngā tūmanakohanga tono mō ngā polyol.