Glyphosate: He Matū Ahuwhenua e Whakamahia Whānuitia ana, ā, he Mea Hira hoki
Ngā Āpure Tono Matua
I roto i te ahuwhenua, ko te glyphosate te patu taru matua. Ka mahi mā te aukati i te whākōkī 5 - enolpyruvylshikimate - 3 - phosphate synthase (EPSPS) i roto i ngā tipu. He mea nui tēnei whākōkī mō te hanga o ngā waikawa amino kakara, he mea nui mō te tipu me te whanaketanga o ngā tipu. Mā te aukati i tēnei whākōkī, ka whakararu te glyphosate i ngā tukanga pākia noa o ngā taru, ka arahi ki te memeha haere me te mate. Nā tōna āhua pūnaha ka taea te mimiti e ngā rau me te kawe puta noa i te tipu, ka patu i ngā wāhanga o runga me raro whenua o te taru, tae atu ki ngā pakiaka. Nā tēnei ka tino whai hua mō te whakahaere i ngā taru pumau e uaua ana ki te whakakore.
He hototahi te Glyphosate ki ngā momo pūnaha hua. I roto i ngā hua kua whakarerekētia te ira (GM) i hangaia kia manawanui ki te glyphosate, pērā i te pīni soya, te kānga, me te miro, ka taea te rehu tika ki runga i ngā hua e tipu ana hei whakahaere i ngā taru me te kore e kino ki te hua tonu. Kua hurihia e tēnei ngā tikanga ahuwhenua, e āhei ai te whakahaere taru nui ake, whai hua ake, me te whakaiti i te hiahia mō te parau miihini me te whakaiti i te horo o te oneone. Hei tāpiri, i roto i ngā hua ehara i te GM, ka taea te whakamahi i te glyphosate mō te whakahaere taru i mua i te whakato, i muri rānei i te hauhake, te whakarite i te oneone mō te rui, te whakarite rānei kia kore he taru i ngā wāhi kua hauhaketia.
Haunga te ahuwhenua, ka kitea anō hoki te whakamahinga o te glyphosate i ngā wāhi kāore i te ahuwhenuatia. Ka whakamahia hei whakahaere i ngā taru i ngā wāhi ahumahi, i ngā taha o te rori, i ngā pareparenga rēriwe, me te taha o ngā whakaurunga ratonga. Mā te pupuri i ēnei wāhi kia kore he otaota kāore e hiahiatia, ka āwhina i te tiaki i ngā hanganga, te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga ahi, me te whakapai ake i te haumaru.
Ahakoa ōna painga maha, kua noho tonu te glyphosate hei kaupapa tautohetohe. Kua ara ake ngā āwangawanga mō tōna pānga pea ki te taiao me te hauora o te tangata. Kua whakaarohia e ētahi rangahau he hononga pea ki ētahi take hauora, ahakoa kei te wehewehe tonu te whakaaro pūtaiao mō ēnei take. Nō reira, kua aro turukihia e ngā mana whakahaere huri noa i te ao tōna whakamahinga, me te whakatinana i ngā ture pakari ake mō ngā reiti tono, ngā mahi whakatūpato haumaru, me ngā whakaritenga tapanga.
I te wā e rongoatia ana, me pupuri te glyphosate ki te wāhi hauhautanga, maroke, kia matara atu i te rā tika me ngā matū kāore e hototahi. I te wā e whakamahi ana i te glyphosate, me mau ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro tika, pērā i ngā karapu, ngā mōhiti kanohi, me ngā kākahu tiaki, hei ārai i te pānga. Hei tāpiri, he mea nui te whakakore tika i ngā hua, i ngā takai rānei kāore i whakamahia hei karo i te poke o te taiao.
Ngā Whakatakotoranga
| Ingoa Hua | Glyphosate | |||||||||
| Tātai Matū | C₃H₈NO₅P | |||||||||
| Taumaha ngota | 169.07 | |||||||||
| Āhua | paura mā | |||||||||
| Te Pūwāhi Rewa | 230°C | |||||||||
| Kiato | 1.747 karamu/cm³ | |||||||||
| Nama Kāri | 1071 - 83 - 6 | |||||||||
| Waehere HS | 29319000.9 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 213 - 997 - 4 | |||||||||
| Tono | Te whakahaere taru ahuwhenua, te whakahaere taru whenua kāore i te whakatipuria | |||||||||
Pepa Whakahaere Kounga
| Ingoa Hua | Glyphosate | ||||||
| TAONGA | UARA PAEREWA（%） | UARA WHAKAMĀTAUTAU（%） | |||||
| % o te wāhanga papatipu glyphosate | ≥95.0 | 95.60% | |||||
| Te wāhanga papatipu o te formaldehyde g/kg | ≤1.2 | 0.2 | |||||
| Matū kore-rewa konutai hauwai g/kg | ≤0.2 | 0.1 | |||||
| Te wāhanga papatipu nitrosoglyphosate mg/kg | ≤1.0 | 0.30% | |||||
Hei whakarāpopototanga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ahakoa ngā tautohetohe tonu mō tōna whakamahinga, he matū nui tonu te glyphosate i roto i te ahuwhenua hou me te whakahaere taru kore-hua. Nā tōna whai huatanga, tōna whānui, me tōna pānga ki te whai huatanga o te ahuwhenua kua waiho hei wāhi nui ki te whakaputa kai o te ao. I te haere tonu o ngā rangahau me te whanake haere o ngā ture, ko te heke mai o te glyphosate ka uru pea ki te taurite i waenga i ōna painga me ngā mahi ki te aro atu ki ngā āwangawanga e pā ana.