Ao Whānui - Premier TDI: Te Poraka Hanga Hira i roto i te Ahumahi Polyurethane

Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-tinana me te Matū

Āhua me te Kakara: Ko te TDI he wai mārama, he wai kōwhai, he wai mura tonu. Ka puta he kakara kaha, he kakara whakarihariha, he tohu nui tēnei mō tōna aroaro.
Te wairewatanga me te tauhohenga: Ka taea te whakaranu ngāwari ki ngā momo whakarewa rauropi pērā i te etanoru (me te pirau), te diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, te diethyl ether, te acetone, te waro tetrachloride, te benzene, te chlorobenzene, te kerosene, me te hinu oriwa. Ko tētahi o ōna āhuatanga matū tino motuhake ko tōna tauhohenga ki te wai, he tauhohenga e whakaputa ana i te hau waro hauhā. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te TDI te tauhohe tere ki ngā matū kei roto ngā ngota hauwai hohe, he āhuatanga e whakamahia ana i roto i te maha o ngā tukanga ahumahi.
Ngā Pūmau Ā-tinana Matua: Ko te pāmahana kohua o te TDI he tata ki te 247℃, e whakatau ana i te pāmahana e huri ai ia mai i te wai ki te hau i raro i te pēhanga hau noa. Ko tōna pāmahana rewa kei waenga i te 19.5 ki te 21.5℃, e tohu ana i te pāmahana i raro iho nei ka totoka. Ko te pāmahana mura o te TDI he 127℃, ko te tikanga i tēnei pāmahana, ka taea e ia te whakaputa i ngā kohu mura i te aroaro o tētahi pūtake mura. Me te mātotoru whanaunga o te 1.217, he mātotoru ake i te wai, he pānga ki tōna whakahaere me te wehenga i roto i ngā horopaki ahumahi me te taiao.

Ngā Wāhi Whakamahinga

Te Hanganga Pahuka Polyurethane: Ko te TDI te tūāpapa mō te hanga pahuka polyurethane, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te tini o ngā ahumahi. I roto i te rāngai tāonga, ko ngā pahuka polyurethane ngohengohe i hangaia ki te TDI te rauemi whiriwhiri mō te hanga urunga whakamarie me te tautoko i roto i ngā sofa, ngā tūru ringa, me ngā moenga. I roto i te umanga motuka, ka whakamahia ēnei pahuka i roto i ngā nohoanga motuka, e whakarato ana i te whakamarie me te haumaru mā te mimiti i ngā ru i te wā e taraiwa ana. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia ngā pahuka polyurethane TDI i roto i ngā tono whakamahana, pērā i roto i ngā pouaka whakamātao me ngā rauemi whakamahana hanga, nā ō rātou āhuatanga whakamahana wera pai rawa atu.
Ngā paninga me ngā piripiri: He mahi nui tā te TDI i roto i te hanganga o ngā paninga me ngā piripiri mahi-teitei. I roto i te umanga paninga, ka whakamahia ngā polyurethane e ahu mai ana i te TDI hei hanga paninga pakari, ātete ki te rakuraku, ā, ātete ki ngā matū mō ngā momo papa, tae atu ki ngā konganuku, ngā kirihou, me te rakau. Ka whakamahia ēnei paninga ki ngā whakaotinga motuka, ngā paninga papa, me ngā paninga taputapu ahumahi. I roto i te mākete piripiri, ka whakanuia ngā piripiri kei roto i te TDI mō ō rātou kaha ki te hono. Ka whakamahia i roto i te huihuinga o ngā taonga, te hononga o ngā wāhanga motuka, me te umanga hanga hei hono i ngā momo rauemi hanga.
Te Hanganga Elastomer: Ka whakamahia te TDI hei hanga i ngā elastomers polyurethane, e whakakotahi ana i ngā āhuatanga o te rapa me te kirihou. Ka kitea ngā whakamahinga o ēnei elastomers i roto i ngā momo mahi maha, pērā i te hanga kapu hū, e whakarato ana i te ngāwari, te pakari, me te mimiti ru. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i te hanga hiri ahumahi me ngā gaskets, e pai ai te whakamahi i roto i ngā taiao uaua nā te ātete ki ngā matū, te pakū, me ngā pāmahana teitei.

Ngā Tikanga Whakarite

Ngā Ara Phosgenation Tuku Iho
2,4 - Ara Amino Toluene: Ka tīmata te tukanga mā te whakarewa i te 2,4- amino toluene me te whakarewa i roto i te chlorobenzene. Kātahi ka tauhohehia tēnei otinga ki te phosgene i roto i tētahi tukanga e rua ngā taahiraa. Tuatahi, ka puta he tauhohenga pāmahana iti i roto i te awhe pāmahana o te 35 - 45℃. Muri iho, ka puta he tauhohenga pāmahana teitei i ngā pāmahana i raro iho i te 130℃. Kia oti ngā tauhohenga, ka whakaurua he hau hauota hei pana i te hauwai hauota kāore i tauhohe me te phosgene nui. Kātahi ka whakawetohia te chlorobenzene, ā, ko te taahiraa whakamutunga ko te whakaweto korehau hei whiwhi i te TDI parakore.
Ara Nitro Toluene: I tēnei tikanga, ka whakanitia tuatahitia te nitro toluene, kātahi ka whakaitihia kia whiwhi ai i te 2,4 - diaminotoluene. Kātahi ka tukuna tēnei takawaenga ki te phosgenation, ka tauhohe ki te phosgene hei hanga TDI. Kātahi ka tukatukahia te ranunga tauhohenga hei wehe me te pure i te hua TDI.
Ngā Tikanga Rerekē e Puta Ake Ana
Ngā Ara Kore-Phosgene: I ngā tau tata nei, kua piki haere te aro ki te whakawhanake i ngā tikanga kore-phosgene hei whakaputa TDI hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te phosgene. Hei tauira, kei te tūhuratia e ētahi rangahau te whakamahinga o ngā matū rerekē me ngā āhuatanga tauhohenga hei hanga TDI me te kore e hiahiatia he phosgene. Heoi, kei roto tonu i te wāhanga whanaketanga ēnei tikanga, ā, kāore anō kia whānuitia te whakamahinga arumoni.

Ngā Whakatūpato

Ngā Tūponotanga Hauora: He nui ngā mōrearea o te kohu TDI ki te hauora o te tangata. He tino whakapataritari ki ngā kanohi, ki te kiri, me te ara manawa. Mēnā ka roa te pānga, ka pāngia pea te hauora e ngā raruraru hauora kino, tae atu ki ngā raruraru manawa pērā i te mate pūkahukahu, ngā tohumate rite ki te mate huango, ā, i ētahi wā, ka pāngia pea e ngā mate kino pērā i te mate pūkahukahu me te mate manawa pūkahukahu. Hei tauira, kua whakaaturia ko ngā kiore i pāngia ki ngā kukū i te awhe o (0.5 - 1)×10⁻⁶ mō ngā hāora e 6 i te rā, mō ngā rā e 5 - 10, ka mate i ngā pānga paitini. I roto i te tangata, ko te manawa i ngā kukū iti iho i te 0.0005mg/L ka taea te whakaoho i te maremare nui me te poto o te manawa.

Ngā Mōrearea o te Mura me te Pahūtanga: He wai mura te TDI, ā, ka taea e ōna kohu te hanga ranunga pahū me te hau. Ina pāngia e ngā mura tuwhera, e ngā korakora, e te wera nui rānei, he nui te tūponotanga o te mura me te pahū. Nō reira, he mea nui ngā tikanga rokiroki me te whakahaere tika hei ārai i ēnei tūponotanga.
Te Rokiroki me te Whakahaere: Me rongoa te TDI ki roto i tētahi whare putunga hauhautanga, he pai te hauhautanga, kia matara atu i te rā tika, i ngā pūtake wera, me ngā pūtake mura. Me hiri rawa ngā ipu rokiroki kia kore ai e turuturu te kohu. I te mea he tauhohenga ki te wai me ētahi atu matū, me rongoa motuhake mai i ngā rauemi ka tauhohe pea ki a ia, pērā i ngā matū whakahāwea. I te wā e whakahaere ana, me mau ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro e tika ana, tae atu ki ngā karapu ātete matū, ngā mōhiti haumaru, me te tiaki manawa, hei whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga o te pānga.

Ngā Whakatakotoranga

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