Whārangi Whakatakotoranga Hua Bisphenol A/BPA Bisphenol A (BPA)
Tirohanga Whānui o te Hua
Tirohanga Whānui mō te Hua
Ingoa Hua: Bisphenol A (Whakarāpopototanga: BPA)
Tātai Matū: C₁₅H₁₆O₂
Tau CAS: 80-05-7
Nama EINECS: 201-245-8
Kāwai Hua: Matū Oleo; Ngā Matū Hanga Waro
Āhua: He tioata ma, he rite ki te ngira, he paura ma kikokore rānei (tērā pea ka puta te karaehe ahumahi hei totoka kirikiri)
Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-tinana me te Matū
| Taonga | Whakatakotoranga |
|---|---|
| Taumaha ngota | 228.29 karamu/mol |
| Te Pūwāhi Rewa | 158–159 °C (316–318 °F) |
| Te Pūtake Kohua | 220 °C (428 °F) i te 4 mmHg (āhua korehau) |
| Kiato | 1.195 karamu/cm³ (25 °C) |
| Te wairewatanga | Kāore e rewa i te wai; ka rewa i roto i ngā whakarewa waro (hei tauira, te etanoru, te acetone, te benzene, te toluene, me te ethyl acetate) |
| Pūwāhi Ngaro | 227 °C (kapu kua kati) |
| Te pumau | Pūmau i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga noa; tairongo ki te mārama ultraviolet (UV) (tērā pea ka pirau, ka memeha rānei te tae ina roa te wā e pāngia ana e te UV); karohia te pā atu ki ngā matū whakahāwea kaha, ngā waikawa, me ngā kawakore |
Ngā Taupānga Matua
He takawaenga nui te Bisphenol A i roto i te hanga i ngā pūmua mahi-teitei me ngā rauemi ahumahi, ā, e whai ake nei ngā mara tono matua:
Te Hanga Kirihou Polycarbonate (PC)
Hei rauemi mata matua mō te kirihou PC, ka taea e te BPA te hanga hua ātete-pakaru, ātete-wera pērā i ngā whare taputapu hiko (rorohiko, waea atamai), ngā wāhanga motuka (taupoki rama, panera o roto), me ngā ipu pa-kai (kua whakaritea kia haumaru i te nuinga o ngā rohe).
Te Hanganga Resin Epoxy
Whakamahia hei hanga kapia epoxy mō ngā paninga (hei tauira, ngā arai o roto o ngā kēne, ngā paninga ārai-waikura ā-umanga), ngā piripiri (ngā piripiri hanganga kaha-teitei mō te rererangi me te hanga), me ngā rauemi whakamahana hiko (ngā papa hiko, ngā takai whakawhiti).
Ētahi atu Whakamahinga Ahumahi
Rauemi mata mō ngā polyols polyether (e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pahuka polyurethane).
Tāpiringa i roto i ngā mea hanga kirihou, ngā mea ārai mura, me ngā mea whakau UV mō ngā rauemi polymer.
He takawaenga i roto i te hanga o ngā matū motuhake (hei tauira, ngā antioxidants, ngā tae).
Ngā Paerewa Kounga
E tutuki ana ā mātou hua Bisphenol A i ngā paerewa ahumahi me te haumaru o te ao, me ngā tohu whakahaere parakore me te poke e whai ake nei:
| Rārangi | Taumata Ahumahi (Noa) | Taumata Whakamātautau (Teitei te Parakore) |
|---|---|---|
| Te Parakore (HPLC) | ≥ 99.5% | ≥ 99.8% |
| Te Ihirangi Makuku | ≤ 0.1% | ≤ 0.05% |
| Te Ihirangi o te Pungarehu | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% |
| Ngā poke konganuku taumaha (Pb, Cd, Hg) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Toenga Phenol | ≤ 0.2% | ≤ 0.05% |
Kei te wātea ngā whakaritenga ritenga mō ngā hiahia ahumahi motuhake (hei tauira, ngā taumata paru iti mō te hanga rauemi e pā ana ki te kai).
Ngā Aratohu Rokiroki me te Whakahaere
Hei whakarite i te pumau o te hua me te haumaru o te mahi, me whai i ēnei whakaritenga rokiroki me te whakahaere:
Ngā Tikanga Rokiroki
Mahana: Penapena ki te wāhi hauhautanga, maroke i te 15–25 °C; karohia te wera nui (>30 °C) me te hukapapa (
Mārama: Whakamahia ngā ipu koretake (hei tauira, ngā pounamu karāhe parauri, ngā ipu kirihou HDPE me te tiaki UV) hei ārai i te pirau i puta mai i te UV.
Makuku: Kia mau tonu te makuku whanaunga ki raro i te 60%; tāpirihia ngā whakamaroke (te kiripaka, te konupūmā hauota waikore) ki roto i ngā ipu kia kore ai e piri.
Ngā Whakaritenga Hiri
Kia mau te hiri o ngā ipu i muri i ia whakamahinga hei ārai i te mimiti o te makuku me te poke. Kaua e whakamahi i ngā tikanga hiri rangitahi (hei tauira, te takai kirihou) ka pāngia ai te whakawhiti parahanga.
Ngā Whakatūpato Haumaru
Mauria ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro (PPE): He kopare puehu, he karapu ātete matū, me ngā mōhiti haumaru i te wā e pā ana (ina koa mō ngā momo paura/porotaka).
Whakahauātanga: Kia pai te rere o te hau i roto i ngā wāhi rokiroki me ngā wāhi whakahaere hei karo i te kohikohinga puehu, te kohu rānei.
Te Whakahaere i ngā Ringihia: Horoia ngā ringihia ki ngā mea mimiti kore mahi (oneone diatomaceous, waro whakahohe); makahia ngā para kia rite ki ngā ture matū kino ā-rohe.
Te Whakatutukitanga o ngā Ture
Ngā Here o te Ao: E tutuki ana i ngā here o te EU REACH Regulation (Annex XVII) mō te BPA i roto i ngā rauemi e pā ana ki te kai (hei tauira, kua rāhuitia i roto i ngā pounamu whāngai pēpi).
US FDA: E tutuki ana i ngā aratohu a te FDA mō te whakamahinga o te BPA i roto i ngā paninga me ngā kirihou e pā ana ki te kai (21 CFR 175.300).
Ngā Paerewa o Haina: E tutuki ana i te GB 4806.6 (ngā paerewa haumaru mō ngā kapia kirihou e pā ana ki te kai).
Te Tākai me te Roanga o te Wāhi
Ngā Kōwhiringa Tākai:
Taumata Ahumahi: 25 kg ngā pēke kirihou HDPE (me ngā arai polyethylene o roto) me ngā pūwero muka 500 kg rānei (kua arai ki te pepa konumohe).
Taumata Whakapūngao: 1 kg ngā pounamu karāhe amipere (kua hiritia ki ngā taupoki kua whakakikoruatia ki te Teflon).
Te roanga o te oranga: 24 marama mai i te rā i hangaia ai (inā rongoatia kia rite ki ngā tikanga o runga ake nei, kāore anō kia whakatuwheratia).
Puka Tirotiro Kounga mō te Bisphenol A
| Kaitātari | Wāhanga | Whakatakotoranga | Hua | Tikanga Whakamātautau |
| Āhua | / | He ma, he kirikiri rānei, kāore he poke ā-mīhini | He kirikiri mā, kāore he poke ā-mīhini | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Bisphenol A | I roto i/% | ≥99.85 | 99.925 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Phenol | I roto i/% | ≤0.005 | 0.001 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| 2,4-Isomera | I roto i/% | ≤0.050 | 0.01 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Te Pūwāhi Tioata | °C | ≥156.6 | 157.2 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Chroma Rewa | Tae, Pt-Co (Wāhanga Hazen) | ≤20 | 10 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Chroma Otinga | Tae, Pt-Co (Wāhanga Hazen) | / | 5 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Makuku | I roto i/% | ≤0.08 | 0.02 | GB/T 6283-2008 |